A variant on the English form is the Spenserian Sonnet,
named after Edmund Spenser (c.1552–1599) in which the
rhyme scheme is, a-b a-b, b-c b-c, c-d c-d, e-e.
In a Spenserian sonnet there does not appear to be a
requirement that the initial octave set up a problem
which the closing sestet answers, as is the case with
a Petrarchan sonnet. Instead, the form is treated as
three quatrains connected by the interlocking rhyme
scheme and followed by a couplet. The linked rhymes
of his quatrains suggest the linked rhymes of such
Italian forms as terza rima.
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