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Cywyddau
There are four of these popular forms.
Awdl gywydd
Cywydd deuair fyrion (short-lined couplets)
Cywydd deuair hirion (long-lined couplets)
Cywydd llosgyrnog
Sixteenth: Cywyddau (cywydd)
I. Awdl gwydd (owdl gow-widd)
Definition:
Each stanza is a quatrain of seven syllables. Lines two and four rhyme; lines one and three cross rhyme into either the third, OR fourth, OR fifth syllable of lines two and four. In the possible scheme for two stanzas below you will note that in the first stanza I used the third syllable and in the second stanza I used the fifth. All three are in blue as "possibles".
Layout:
x x x x x x a
x x a x x x b
x x x x x x c
x x c x x x b
x x x x x x d
x x x x d x e
x x x x x x F
x x x x f x e
II. Cywydd deuair fyrion
Definition:
Comprising of couplets of four syllable lines. There is no set length.
Layout:
x x x a
x x x a
x x x b
x x x b
x x x c
x x x c
etc
III. Cywydd deuair hyrion
Definition:
Comprising of couplets of seven syllable lines, The first line finishes with a stressed syllable and the second with an unstressed syllable. There is no set length.
Layout:
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x b
x x x x x x b
etc
IV. Cywydd llosgyrnog
Definition:
A stanza comprising of two lines of eight syllables the third line seven. Lines 1 and 2 rhyme and rhyme internaly with line 3. Similarly the following three lines. Lines 3 and 6 also rhyme.
x x x x x x x a
x x x x x x x a
x x a x x x b
x x x x x x x c
x x x x x x x c
x x c x x x b
Seventeenth: Englynion (englyns)
I. Englyn cyrch
Definition:
Stanza of four, seven syllable lines. Lines 1, 2, and 4 rhyme. Line 3, rhymes with around the middle of line four, (3rd, or 4th, or 5th syllable).
Layout:
x x x x x x x a
x x x x x x x a
x x x x x x x b
x x x b x x x a
II. Englyn lleddfbroest
Definition:
Quite a challenge in Enlish. Each stanza is of four, seven syllable lines. All four lines must rhyme in using Welsh dipthongs ae, oe, wy, ei or in English using imagination.
Layout:
x x x x x x oe
x x x x x x oe
x x x x x x oe
x x x x x x oe
III. Englyn milwr
Definition:
Stanza of three, seven syllable lines turning around the same rhyme.
Layout:
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x a
IV. Englyn penfyr
Definition:
A stanza of three lines. the first of ten syllables and a couplet of seven syllables. The final word in the first line must be multisyllabic and links to the first word of the second line by rhyme, alliteration or assonance.
Layout:
x x x x x x x x (x a)
a x x x x x b
x x x x x x b
V. Englyn proest dalgron
Definition:
Stanzas of four, seven syllable lines, consonating with one another on vowels or similar dipthongs.
Layout:
x x x x x x oe
x x x x x x oe
x x x x x x oe
x x x x x x oe
VI. Englyn proest gadwynog
Definition:
Stanzas of four seven syllable lines. Lines 1, and 3, rhyme with each other and lines 2 and 4. consonate with each other and lines 1 and two.
Layout:
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x con
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x con
VII. Englyn unodle crwca
Definition:
Line one is a ten syllable line, and line two has six syllables.Lines three and four have seven. There is a common rhyme at the seventh syllable (or sixth for the second line). The last syllable of line one assonates or aliterates with the third syllable of line two.
Layout:
x x x x x x a x x b
x x b x x a
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x a
VIII. Englyn unodle union
Definition:
Comprises of two seven syllable lines and one of ten syllable with the final one of six syllables. There is a common rhyme at the seventh syllable (or sixth for the last line). The last syllable of line three assonates or aliterates with the third syllable of line four.
Layout:
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x a
x x x x x x a x x b
x x b x x a
Now that I've given and explained to you every celtic and welsh writing style forms, let me see you write them. And consider this the very last series of educational column writes...that is, unless I find more but who's to say
*Let's keep going...
Cywyddau
Cywyddau
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